International Trade A New Concept - 2257 Words

International trade is focused on the exchange of goods, services and capital across national borders. According to Ball et al. (2012) international trade brings many benefits to the consumer, such as larger variety of products and services, on the other hand also benefits the country’s economy such as creation of jobs, innovation or reduction of poverty. World Trade Organisation (2013:online) proposes that merchandise exports of WTO members totalled US $17.3 trillion in 2012 and export of commercial services totalled US $4.25 trillion in 2012 and suggests that size of the international trade continues to increase. The top five world’s merchandise exporters are Germany, United States, China, Japan and France, in addition world’s top five service exporters are United States, United Kingdom, Germany, Japan and France (Wild et al., 2010). The concept of trade and international trade is not a new concept, it occurred many thousands of years ago (Schmitz and Schmitz, 2014). Figures for international trade- why is it important Make sure you understand the main theories of trade -- neoclassical comparative advantage and new trade theory (and whilst Porter s Diamond Model isn t formally a theory of trade, there are a number of ways in which it overlaps with theories of trade, particularly new trade theory). The reading material, particularly the textbook book chapters I have included on the list, discuss these various theories and the implications for free or managedShow MoreRelatedEssay on International Trade Simulation987 Words   |  4 Pagessummarize the International Trade Simulation, explain the basic concept of International Trade, emphasize the four key points from the reading assignments in the simulation, and apply these concepts to my workplace. Simulation Summary In the International Trade simulation, you are the Trade Representative of a small country called Rodamia. You are introduced to international trade--the theory of comparative advantage and the impact of tariffs, quotas, and dumping on international trade (Applying InternationalRead MoreEssay on International Trade Concepts Simulation827 Words   |  4 PagesInternational Trade Concepts Simulation Abstract The following paper will present information found in a simulation based on international trade concepts. Key points found from the reading will be noted and concepts discussed will be shown integrated in the workplace. International Trade Concepts Simulation International trade has become a very important means of survival for global economies in this day and age. As countries continue to grow and resources become smaller, trade with otherRead MoreDavid Ricardos The Principle Of Political Economy And Taxation1519 Words   |  7 Pagesmodern economics was David Ricardo who developed the concept of the comparative advantage of trade. This concept is a part of the classical theory of trade and was published in 1817 in David Ricardo’s book entitled the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation (Appleyard Field, 2014, p. 30). This paper will address the effectiveness of this concept as it has been applied to real-world international trade after the General Agreement in Trade and Tariffs (GATT) was signed in 1947. How the levelRead MoreDifferent Theories Concepts Of International Trade Theories1697 Words   |  7 Pagesdifferences between different theory concepts of international trade theories. The author will analysis and se riously assess their believe concepts and believe. The author of this assignment agrees with the economist that international trade is the interdependence of nations in terms of trade. International trade theories are basically different theories, with their concept of trade how they explain international trade. The concept of majority of economist believes that, trade is about exchanging goods andRead MorePolitical Factors That Affect International Business1020 Words   |  5 Pagesfactors that affect international business include† (Justin Ervin. Zachary Smith A.2008). One significant political environmental factor that influences international business operation is trade agreements. Countries frequently enter into trade treaties to further facilitate trade between themselves. Case in point, a European Union consisting of countries like France, Germany and Italy where the organizations of these member states can with few legal requirements, these international business haveRead MoreChallenges Faced By International Businesses Essay1506 Words   |  7 PagesIn this modern globalized world, there have been many challenges for International Businesses to seek for opportunity and chance to expand their business to a wider marketplace. There are many ways for international businesses to seek those opportunities, such as through exporting goods and services, starting a joint venture with a company, opening a branch for distributing goods, and giving license to produce goods. From these ways to seek opportunities, there are basically three major motives, Read More Challenging Comparative Advantage Essay1410 Words   |  6 Pagesbenefits of mutual trade (Carbaugh, 2008). Many underlying assumptions of comparative advantage depend on states of economic equilibrium and an absence of economy of scale. In reality, economies are dynamic and subject to innovation and interference; which has led to revised assumptions of return and competition (Krugman, 1987). These factors have created questions of free trade and governmental participation in an economy by the development of strategic trade policies. These new concepts do not replaceRead MoreThe International Trade Concepts1357 Words   |  6 PagesThe International Trade Concepts The International Trade Concepts simulation helps one to learn the advantages and limitations of international trade. One can also take what is learned from the simulation and relate it to the U.S. economy and the effects international trade has on it. Learning about how fiscal and monetary policies affect the exchange rate is important as well. Not only can one apply what was learned in the simulation to the U.S. economy but they can also apply it to their workplaceRead More International Trade Essay865 Words   |  4 Pages International Trade What is International Trade?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  International trade is defined as trade between two or more partners from different countries in the exchange of goods and services. In order to understand International trade, we need to first know and understand what trade is, which is the buying and selling of products between different countries. International Trade simply is globalization of the world and enables countries to obtain products and services from other countries effortlesslyRead MoreGlobalization: Its Effects Key Drivers and Supporting Theories695 Words   |  3 Pagesinterdependence of countries world-wide through the increasing volume and variety of cross-border transactions in goods and services and of international capital flows, and also through the more rapid and widespread diffusion of technology. There exists a number of traditional international trade theories that in one way or the other support the globalization concept. One of these theories is mercantilism which is largely based on the view that nations should export more (while discouraging imports)

Frankenstein by Mary Shelley and the Industrial Revolution

â€Å"Oh! No mortal could support the horror of that countenance. A mummy again endued with animation could not be so hideous as that wretch† (Shelley 57). This statement is how Mary Shelley successfully portrayed the overall negative consensus of the industrialization of Europe in the 1800s in her novel Frankenstein. This story parallels the world’s transition from nature and emotion to reason and truth which was the primary cause for the industrial revolution. Though the revolution brought new technology and knowledge, people felt as though they were enslaved by this sudden change. This is clear through Shelley’s Dr. Frankenstein and the ‘wretched monster’ that would forever change the world. There is an equilibrium that can be struck†¦show more content†¦In relation to the novel, Dr. Frankenstein set his sights on creating life and nothing could stop him. He worked tirelessly to create the ultimate human. â€Å"The summer months passed w hile I was thus engaged, heart and soul, in one pursuit† (53). Frankenstein nearly killed himself due to his dedication for this creation. He neglected his family, his friends, career, and his own life. This discovery sucked every bit of emotion and caring out of him and only caused pain. What made everything worse was that this creation destroyed his entire life. Everyone he cared for was killed and spent much of his life in misery. Though the creation of life is astonishing, reason and truth cannot exist without emotion. No emotion essentially means that destruction of one’s entire being. The introduction of this new technology and knowledge did not simply effect those that created or possessed the knowledge. Instead, it caused problems and raised issues among the common people of Europe which lead to their subsequent disapproval of the overall revolutionary phase. When the industrial revolution began to emerge, most people typically worked for themselves on a subsist ence farm or as an apprentice. Their main goal was truly to take care of themselves and their families. When the change came around though, everything changed. Factories appeared and cheap labor was needed. Thus, workers began to flock towards cities in hopes of making it big at a factory. Sadly though,Show MoreRelatedRomanticism In Frankenstein Essay740 Words   |  3 PagesWithin Frankenstein Imagine a world without Enlightenment, the Industrial Revolution,and Romanticism. Mary Shelley uses these topics in her novel to expose the effects that each of these had on society. Frankenstein is a novel that was published in the early 1800’s and tells a story about a man by the name of Victor Frankenstein. Technology and critical thinking skills plays a huge role in the novel and real life.By analyzing the importance of the Enlightenment, Industrial Revolution, and RomanticismRead MoreFrankenstein Pursuit Of Knowledge Essay1673 Words   |  7 Pages Among the many themes explored in Mary Shelley s timeless classic â€Å"Frankenstein†, the one I find to be most relevant and the one that truly resonated with me was the dangers that stem from the pursuit of knowledge. This theme resonated with me for many reasons because, while the pursuit of knowledge has allowed humankind to exert and enjoy unparalleled and unprecedented power over the animal kingdom and the wo rld itself, it’s a seemingly benign aspect of human nature that can paradoxically renderRead MoreFrankenstein by Mary Shelley640 Words   |  3 Pagesthe work of my hands.† (Shelley, 178) The Romantic Movement began in the 1970’s and ended in the 1850’s. One of the key ideas shared by Romantics was that a literal and metaphorical return to nature was necessary. They believed that the individual was the most important part of society. Romantics rejected the Scientific and Industrial Revolution. They believed that cities prevented individuals from discovering the sublime. Mary Shelley’s Romantic and Gothic novel, Frankenstein, opens with a series ofRead MoreFrankenstein: Science and the Industrial Revolution1212 Words   |  5 PagesFrankenstein: Science and the Industrial Revolution Frankenstein, written by author Mary Shelley, was a romantic based story written in Europe during the eighteen hundreds. During this time period, Europe was experiencing many social and economic changes. Many of these changes were a product of the industrial revolution of Europe. This time period can be defined and era of exploration, discovery and industrialization in which ideas were pushed to the limits. Victor’s creation of Frankenstein isRead MoreMary Shelleys Frankenstein Essay1086 Words   |  5 Pages Mary Shelley wrote the book Frankenstein sometime in the 1810s. She was born in London in 1797 (Biography). Her mother was an author of prime literary stock who was trying to encourage women to pursue their ideas and strive to earn the status as equals. The Scientific and Industrial Revolutions that were taking place around Mary Shelley certainly influenced her while she was writing the book. The creation of machines and experiments at the time made people wonder what the limit of human technologyRead MoreEssay on Frankenstein: Development through Romanticism1614 Words   |  7 Pages Mary Shelly’s Frankenstein is a Gothic and Romantic novel written in the early 1800s. The novel opens with Captain Robert Walton as he is sailing on his ship on the search for new and undiscovered territory. During his exploration, Robert’s ship becomes trapped in ice, and he encounters Victor Frankenstein, who looks miserable. When Robert begins to talk to Victor, Victor starts to explain his life story, which ends up being a complete tragedy. Victor tells Robert of his desire to discover theRead MoreHow The Romantic Period Was Characterised By Political And Social Upheavals1318 Words   |  6 Pagesagricultural society to a modern industrial nation. Moreover, the aristocracy s influence diminished, industry-owning middle classes grew. The Romantic epoch also witnesses revolution and war. First the American Civil War, followed by the French Revolution later. They brought concepts of popular freedom, and of the power of the proletariat. In England, these ideas were we ll received by radical thinkers. However, the later petrifying and grotesque stage of the French Revolution dampened approval for thisRead More Frankenstein, Community, and the Individual Essay1697 Words   |  7 Pagesresponsibility that lie at the core of Mary Shelleys Frankenstein. It is through these concepts that Shelley explores how society has changed during Romanticism and the Industrial Revolution, with lessening importance on shared knowledge and the public sphere and more emphasis on individual achievement and identity, leading to a fractured and isolated society. In this paper I argue that Mary Shelleys Frankenstein criticizes the impacts of Industrial Revolution and Romantic era-inspired individualismRead MoreThe Historical Events Of The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1595 Words   |  7 Pagesreligions, wars, revolutions, and much more. Many classics show the influence of well-known historical events of their time period such as: 1984 by George Orwell which was i nfluenced by the spread of communism and totalitarian governments, The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald influenced by the roaring 1920s, and Harper Lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird influenced by the racial inequalities prevalent in America. Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein can be added to this list as well. Frankenstein was influencedRead MoreFrankenstein, by Mary Shelley1078 Words   |  5 PagesMary Shelley’s Frankenstein has undoubtedly withstood the test of time. Frankenstein’s direct association with fundamental Gothic literature is extremely renowned. However, the novel’s originality is derived from the foundational thematic values found within the relationship (or lack there of) between Victor Frankenstein and the monster he had created, in combination with a fascinatingly captivating plot. Understandably, Frankenstein can often be associated with a multitude of concepts; however,

Why Do People Join Gangs Essay Example For Students

Why Do People Join Gangs Essay OVERVIEW OF GANGSOriginally the word gang had no negative connotation. In Old English, gang simply referred to a number of people who went around together-a group. Today a gang can be defined in four basic ways: an organized group with a leader a unified group that usually remains together during peaceful times as well as times of conflict a group whose members show unity through clothing, language a group whose activities are criminal or threatening to the larger society. Gangs are one of the results of poverty, discrimination and urban deterioration. Some experts believe that young people, undereducated and without access to good jobs, become frustrated with their lives and join gangs as an alternative to boredom, hopelessness and devastating poverty. Studies have attempted to determine why gangs plague some communities but there has been no definitive answer. As a result, people working to solve gang problems have great difficulty. They find the situation overwhelming, and the vio lence continues. EARLY GANGS IN UNITED STATES HISTORYNo groups completely fitting the above description of gangs existed in America until the early 1800s, but from the beginning of the European settlement in America there was gang-like activity, especially when class distinctions came into being. Gang members tended to be from the poorer classes and tended to be from the same race or ethnic background. They banded together for protection, recreation or financial gain. THE 20TH CENTURY GANGS In the early 1900s the U.S. economy worsened, the population grew at a rapid pace, and the gap between the rich and poor widened. All across the nation gangs appeared where poor, hopeless people lived. The dawning of the 20th century also brought with it a widespread use of firearms. 1920sBy mid 1920s there were 1313 gangs in Chicago and more than 25,000 members. Gang warfare in Chicago was widespread and fighting took place along ethnic, cultural and racial lines. Some gangs had no noticeable cultural, ethnic or national ties and consisted mostly of whites. Chicano GangsThe 1920s and 1930s saw the rise of Chicano (Mexican-American) gangs in Los Angeles. By the 1940s Chicano gangs established their place in Los Angeles-their zoot suits (a style of dress incorporating tapered pants, long wide-shoulder coats and broad-brimmed hats) had become a familiar sight. Fighting back against harassment of white residents and visiting soldiers during the so-called zoot suit riots in 1943 strengthened their cause. Post World War IIAfter World War II gang membership: 1.became younger, 2.the nationality of the membership became largely non-white (though Italians, Irish and other white ethnic groups still made up a percentage), 3.drugs became a more publicized concern, 4.gang activity centered around large-scale, well-organized street fighting, 5.fire-arms were used more often, 6.the structure of organization became more rigid, 7.and society at large became concerned with gangs as a social problem and worked toward rehabilitation. Changes in Ethnic PopulationsThe 1950s During the 1950s gang fighting rose to an all time high in cities like New York, Philadelphia, Boston, Chicago, Detroit, Los Angeles and Cleveland. Gang members were usually in their teens. Codes of dress (black leather jackets were popular) and mannerisms were an important means of identification. Body language said a lot about the nature of the gang. When a gang decided to become a fighting, or bopping gang, its members immediate ly took on a different way of walking. A rhythmic gait, characterized by the forward movement of the head with each step. Terms for fighting were: bopping, rumbling, jitterbugging. Gang members used guns, knives, and homemade weapons. Most common drugs-alcohol, marijuana, heroin. New York gangs fought along racial lines-African-American, white, Puerto Rican. Usually they fought over girls or turf. Turf could be anything from a few blocks to an entire neighborhood. Gang members believed it was essential to protect the honor of their girlfr! iends. And in the late 1950, girl gangs, with strong ties to boy gangs, began to form. Revenge was required by an inflexible code of gang loyalty. It was from such incidents that gangs drew their sense of pride, of being somebody. In order to combat the rise of violence, organizations like the New York City Youth Board sent social workers into the slums to form relationships with the gangs. In some cases it worked; in

Operations Strategy at Galanz

Galanz’s Competitive Strategy Galanz is a company that is based in China. Its main business is the manufacture and sale of microwaves. The company faces a lot of competition from other established companies, such as LG, Panasonic, Toshiba, and Samsung, among others. The company has had a long way en route establishing itself as a competitive organization considering the major players in the industry are few, but well established organizations.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Operations Strategy at Galanz specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Initially, the company was only producing microwave ovens for sale in the domestic market. It used to purchase key components and production technology from Japan. The company then started its own Original Equipment Manufacturing (OEM) business. This attracted foreign brand owners to outsource their production to Galanz. The company then transformed into an Original De sign Manufacturing firm. The combination of OEM and ODM facilitated its brand being recognized in the overseas market. The other competitive strategy that the company applied is low cost production. It had cheap labour and land, both of which facilitated in lowering the production cost. This was the major strategy that led to a large volume of sales as the company is able to offer its products at a relatively low price compared to the competitors (Thompson and Frank 552). In addition, the company had an RD department that had undisputed capabilities of developing highly competitive and innovative products. Finally, the company has a brand name that is well recognised, both in China and abroad. The competitive strategies of Galanz are successful for a number of reasons. First, the low cost production enables the company to sell its products at a low cost. Second, the RD facilitates quality production. Third, its strong brand has won the loyalty of customers across the globe. The thre e aspects combined have contributed to a successful competitive strategy for Galanz. Galanz’s Operation Strategies The company also worked towards changing and improving its operational strategies in its bid to succeed in the global market. The aim was to make the operations more effective and efficient and lower the cost of operation. This would be effective in boosting the competitiveness of the company. The operations manager was responsible for following up the company’s operation strategy. The operations manager makes decisions to manage the transformation process that converts inputs into finished goods or services that are ready for consumption. The manager also oversees the supply chain, which is also effective in ensuring a successful operation strategy. Initially, the company was buying magnetrons from its competitors.Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn Mo re However, the competitors cut their supply of magnetrons to Galanz as its growth continued to escalate, prompting Galanz to start its own manufacture of magnetrons. This was one of its operational strategies that propelled the company to succeed. The company then started its own OEM and later transformed it to an ODM. It could, therefore, be able to produce Galanz microwave ovens with its own brand, rather than purchasing some components from competitors. The company had operations in the Original Brand Manufacturing firm in the domestic market. The company was able to develop and produce its own magnetrons with the Original Design Manufacturing. This ensured that the company was able to deal with the previous shortage of magnetrons. It also ensured constant supply of microwave ovens. The operational strategy of Galanz was successful because the company was able to meet the market demand that was increasing as the company’s growth continued. Galanz was able to produce suf ficient magnetrons enough for its microwave oven production. At home, the Original Brand Manufacturing (OBM) facilitated brand recognition in the domestic market. The operational strategy further helped in the production of quality microwave ovens. The company’s operations manager has control over the quality of magnetrons. He or she is able to ensure the magnetrons are of the desired quality. Therefore, the end product is of desired quality as the whole production line is managed by the organization’s operations manager. How Galanz operation strategies support its competitive strategies For an organization to be successful in the market, the operation strategy should be able to support the competitive strategy. At Galanz, the operation strategy has been successful in supporting the competitive strategy of the company. First, it is important to note that the major competitive strategy of the company is low cost production, which enables it to sell products at highly co mpetitive prices compared to those of its close competitors. Secondly, its RD has also been instrumental in increasing the competitiveness of the company by facilitating innovation. Its operation strategy, on the other hand, has seen the formation of the OEM business and then transformation into the ODM. This has boosted the company’s production of magnetrons. The company also has its own OBM in China, which has helped in domestic brand recognition.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Operations Strategy at Galanz specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The ODM and the OBM have helped in further reduction of the production costs for Galanz. Producing its own magnetrons is much cheaper compared to purchasing them from other companies. Further, the production development of ODM has also facilitated RD and innovation, consequently supporting its competitive strategy. OBM, on the other hand, helps in increasing bra nd recognition as a competitive strategy. â€Å"How the company should set priorities and utilize its resources and capabilities to gain competitive advantages in the marketplace† The company has achieved breakthrough in the market by selling its products at low prices. This has led to some of its competitors withdrawing from the market following the stiff competition it provided them. It claimed that price wars were a defence of the company and the objective was to destroy its competitors. Galanz had succeeded in this strategy. However, the business world is said to be dynamic. An organization only survives in the long run following its ability to cope with the changes that occur daily. The company started to experience challenges for its future growth and development after years of market domination by Galanz, both in China, as well as in the overseas countries. There are worries on whether its current low cost strategy will still be successful in the future. It is clear th at there are some changes that have to be implemented to keep the company in the competition. Galanz is supposed to take a competitive position in the market by setting its priorities right. First, the world is trending towards technology and most products over the past few years are produced based on technology. The future of business organizations is highly dependent on their ability to embrace technology and utilize it effectively. Galanz should prioritize its resources by investing in technology. In doing so, the company should also be keen not to deviate from its low cost strategy. The differences between OEM/ODM versus OBM in terms of production, design, marketing, distribution, and customer service The OEM and the ODM firms were the two business strategies that Galanz turned to after its supply of magnetrons was cut by its previous suppliers, who also happened to be the company’s major competitors. Therefore, the OEM and the ODM production were aimed at producing magne trons for the manufacture of microwave ovens for sale in the overseas market (Bonaglia 38). The two production modes produce and design the magnetrons, but the branding and distribution is done by another company. The two modes helped the company to produce magnetrons at a low cost that facilitated its low cost strategy in the global market. In terms of design, the OEM and ODM helped the company design its own brand that helps it switch to a business direction of, â€Å"Created in China†, rather than â€Å"made in China.† The OEM and ODM further marketed and distributed the company’s products in the international market. The OBM model was targeted to the domestic market. It produced and designed its own brand, instead of outsourcing to the competitor companies. The OBM further marketed and distributed its products in China. The customer services it offered were all meant for the domestic market. The aim of OBM was to strengthen the brand in the domestic market. Galanz was successful in using the models in that each of them specialized in its market targets, thus they produced efficiently to satisfy the market needs.Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Galanz’s strategy of introducing OBM in international market Currently, the OBM is purely targeted at the domestic market. It is aimed at strengthening the company’s brand in the domestic market and winning its competitive advantage in China. An original brand manufacturer refers to a company that sells a product that has been produced by another company or that includes a component of another company as its own brand. This is a strategy that is seen as able to add an extrinsic value to the product (Bonaglia 39). In the case of Galanz, the brand has already established itself in the international market. Therefore, the company does not need to introduce its OBM in the international market. Galanz should continue with its OEM and ODM business strategies. The two businesses have proven to be successful in the international market. They have facilitated the growth and development of Galanz and its competitiveness. It should be noted that business strategy is a factor that facilities the success of the organization. Facility strategy, on the other hand, considers the amount of capacity, among other factors. Facility strategy would, therefore, consider the capacity of Galanz to manufacture microwave ovens. The company manufactures microwave ovens and then sells them to the international market through the brand name of another company (Bonaglia 38). However, the selling company always refers to the manufacturing company, which is Galanz in this case. The ODM mode allows a firm to make products, but the products are branded and sold by a different firm. With any of the two models, the original manufacturing company will always get credit for the manufacture. Therefore, the brand name for Galanz under ODM or OEM will be maintained and there is no need to change the models. Advantages and disadvantages of technology in Galanz’s success Galanz started to invest in RD in the year 1995 with the aim of facilitating new design and development in the or ganization. It focused on new technologies to improve and boost its marketability. Galanz realised a number of advantages out of the technology. New technology helped Galanz cut down the cost of production. This was beneficial in that it helped the company produce at lower costs. Secondly, the new technology helped Galanz produce more differentiated products. This added to the quality of its products, as well as the marketability and competitiveness of the organization. Quality control systems should be put in place to ensure quality production. The systems should be developed on technological knowledge. The products that a company makes should satisfy customer needs fully. Factors that add up to constitute quality include availability, field service, quality of design, and quality of conformance. Third, the company started to receive more orders for its products as a result of the new technologies (Panneerselvam 60). However, the technology did not come without any disadvantages. F or instance, the company had to spend a significant amount of its fortunes to invest in the RD. It was approximated that the company spent about 3% of its annual revenues to invest in the new technologies. This reduced its income in the short-run. How technology affected Galanz Technology affected Galanz in that the total sales in the long-run increased following an increase in demand for its products. The technology also helped Galanz localize the design of its products to suit its target market. Technology played the role of increasing and improving the quality of its production and lowering the cost of production, leading to the success of Galanz. The challenges that faced Galanz and how it overcame the challenges The road to success for Galanz was not an easy one. Galanz encountered several challenges on its way to its current position. First, the company was initially not producing its own magnetrons. Instead, it was buying them directly from its competitors, such as LG and Pan asonic. The supplier companies cut the supply of magnetrons because of fearing the threat that Galanz was setting in terms of competition. In dealing with this challenge, Galanz established an OEM with the aim of manufacturing its own magnetrons. Galanz was initially named as Guizhou down Product Factory and it was in the business of producing down leather products and selling them to abroad markets. On joining the microwave market, the company faced a challenge in that there were already established companies in the market. The microwaves at the moment were expensive and unaffordable to many people. In addition, the technology for producing microwave ovens, as well as the technical expertise was not available in China. This presented a big obstacle for the company in its bid to start the microwave business. Liang Senior went a step further to ensure that the production of microwaves took place in China, instead of importing the microwaves by bringing in the technology and expertise needed for the job. This saw enabled him set up a factory in China. Mr. Liang’s achievements that lead his company to greater success The current success by Galanz can be traced to the contributions of Liang Senior, who is the Vice Chairman and CEO of the company. In fact, the credit for the company’s success can be given to him. He made a number of achievements in securing this success. The first achievement by Mr. Liang was to start up the microwave ovens manufacturing company in China. Initially, there was no technology and technical expertise in China to manufacture microwaves. Mr. Liang purchased the equipment for this manufacture and brought in people who had the expertise to carry out the manufacture. This was the first and the most important achievement. Mr Liang carried out the initial project planning and scheduling. He did all the necessary controls to ensure that the equipment was installed successfully. Among the scheduling activities he carried out were bringing in experts and assigning them tasks, as well as developing a work breakdown structure for them. Another achievement by Mr. Liang was his successful efforts to sign a contract with overseas companies to outsource the designing and branding of magnetrons. There was no technology for such production in China at the time the company was entering the microwave ovens market. Mr. Liang outsourced this production, a step that was very successful in starting up the growth of Galanz. He also created an Original Equipment Manufacturing model whereby the company would be manufacturing its own magnetrons, instead of outsourcing the production. Suggestions Galanz can be considered a successful company since the entry of Mr Liang Senior. The company has been able to establish a low cost strategy that has seen it edge out most of its rivals, even forcing some to leave the market completely. However, there is a chance that the organization can still improve and achieve greater success in th e future. However, the company has to be in a good position to face the future market challenges, some of which it is already encountering. In terms of strategy, the organization should hold on to its low cost strategy. However, it should adopt a differentiation strategy and market focus strategy at the same time. Under differentiation, Galanz should be producing microwaves that have improved features compared to those of its competitors. On market focus strategy, the company should be focusing on different markets and their requirements. In turn, Galanz should produce microwave ovens that meet the market demands of the different focus markets to be able to penetrate more markets (Christensen, Antony, and Roth 218). In terms of management, the Mr Liang should ensure that the operations managers have the full control of the company’s production activities. This will enable them to track and realise any default that may compromise the quality of the microwave ovens in time. The managers should also be highly skilled and have the relevant knowledge to enable them cope with the market conditions now and in the future. The management structure should be flat to facilitate communication across the organization. Capacity planning should also be considered by Mr Liang in his bid to achieve greater success for the organization. The organization should position itself such that it will be able to produce enough microwaves to meet the increasing demand (Christensen, Antony, and Roth 218). This will be important in preventing the customers from walking away to rival companies. The operational diagram should be made as effective as possible and less hierarchical to increase production efficiency. The customer service at the organization is good. However, it can still be improved to enhance customer satisfaction further. To do this, Mr Liang can increase the number of customer representatives in the organization and ensure that they have sufficient knowledge to addre ss all the issues raised by the customers. Works Cited Bonaglia, Federico. Meeting the Challenge of Private Sector Development: Evidence from the Mekong Sub-Region. Paris: OECD, 2006. Print. Christensen, Clayton M, Scott D. Anthony, and Erik A. Roth. Seeing What’s Next: Using the Theories of Innovation to Predict Industry Change. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Publishing Corporation, 2004. Print. Panneerselvam, Ranganathan. Production and Operations Management. New Delhi: PHI Learning Pvt. Limited, 2012. Print Thompson, John L, and Frank Martin. Strategic Management: Awareness Change. Hampshire, UK: Cengage Learning EMEA, 2010. Print. This case study on Operations Strategy at Galanz was written and submitted by user Anya Kirby to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.